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Drop-out of patients with substance addiction from hospital treatment
Korbová, Markéta ; Kalina, Kamil (advisor) ; Libra, Jiří (referee)
Background: The drop-out phenomenon is a common occurrence in addiction treatment, despite playing one of the most crucial roles in achieving desired treatment outcomes for addiction. The issue of drop-out is associated with both the healthcare facility and the patient, making it necessary to examine risk factors and learn how to respond to them. Aims: The aim of this study is to map and describe the factors that led patients in medium-term residential treatment to prematurely terminate treatment at their own request. The specific objectives are to assess the treatment program's design from the perspective of both patients and members of the therapeutic team, focus on patient needs, describe common characteristics of these patients, and identify potential interventions suitable for the treatment adaptation phase. Methods: Data were collected using a qualitative method of semi-structured interviews. Interviews were conducted with respondents who met the selection criteria, including patients and members of the therapeutic team. The research sample consisted of a total of 11 respondents. Results: Premature termination of treatment is caused by a combination of various factors, including personal, family, organizational, and socio-economic factors. Improvements in individualized patient care,...
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Addiction overalp: substituting drug use by gaming from the perspective of users
Daňková, Marie ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Janíková, Barbara (referee)
v aj Background The problem of substance addiction replacement to another type of addiction is a well-known phenomenon. What is the perception of respondents' eyes on the shift from substance addiction to computer gaming? Exploring the issue of substance use substitution and the process of replacement, the reasons, mechanisms and circumstances of addiction rplacement from the subjective perspective of users. Formulation of objectives, methodology, research population Qualitative research was conducted. Interviews conducted in the form of narrative analysis, supplemented by semi-structured interview. The research population consisted of a mixed sample of five respondents with a positive substance dependence that was not of active duration and a current experience of computer gaming that may not have met the criteria of dependence. The questions were aimed at understanding the process of addiction replacement from substance dependence to computer games through the users' perspectives. The main results Respondents found the same manifestations in computer gaming as in substance addiction. Compared to substance addiction, they perceived an addiiction replacement to computer games with less detachment. It was not possible to describe the replacement phases because it is a gradual process that the...
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Addiction Issues of High School Students
BEJŠOVEC, Lukáš
The bachelor thesis deals with the substance abuse problematics (addiction on legal and illegal substances) and so-called non-substance, also known as behavioural addictions (gambling addiction, computer addiction, internet addiction) which concern high school pupils. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis is dedicated to general characteristics of addiction and it also describes how the addiction begins and progresses. The practical part is based on a survey which was distributed on high schools. The aim of this thesis is to find out personal experience of substance abuse among pupils attending high school and to determine the time spent on the computer, internet and mobile device.
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Signs of epilepsy spectrum disorder in persons with psychostimulant addiction
Jakubová, Žaneta ; Herink, Josef (advisor) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (referee)
Bc. Žaneta Jakubová, Specialist in laboratory methods Signs of epilepsy spectrum disorder in persons with psychostimulants addiction Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Background: The aim of this diploma thesis is to study the occurrence of symptoms of epileptic spectrum disorder in psychostimulant subjects and to demonstrate the effect of psychostimulants on the occurrence of this disorder. Methods: For questionnaire survey was used to collect the data, in which probands submitted a total of 3 questionnaires. Input anamnestic questionnaire to obtain general information, the remaining two are focused on symptoms of epileptic spectrum disorder - Complex Partial Seizure-like Symptoms Inventory (CPSI) and Limbic System Checklist-33 (LSCL-33). Statistical methods of percentage comparison, chi-square test and unpaired t-test were used for evaluation. Results: Unusual scores and scores for epileptic spectrum disorder reached a total of 60 % of respondents in the CPSI. In the LSCL-33 questionnaire, a suspect and abnormal score reached 100 % of respondents. Conclusions: Both hypotheses have been demonstrated, namely that psychostimulants influence the occurrence of symptoms of epileptic spectrum disorder and that...
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PHARMACOTERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS IN ADDICTION TREATMENT
Kozinski, Jan ; Minařík, Jakub (advisor) ; Oktábec, Zbyněk (referee)
Drug dependence is one of the most common psychiatric diagnosis besides with affective disorders and anxiety disorders. Drug abuse may entail many somatic and psychiatric comorbidities which complicate treatment and substantially worsen its prognosis. Allthough the main reason of keeping dependence behaviour are maladaptive behavioural patterns, on the cell level there are mainly pathophysiological processes in the central nervous systém. Similarly, it can be supposed that centre of treatment lies in psychotherapy, nevertheless parallel medication may significantly reduce subjective difficulties connected with abstinence from drug, which are common reason from treatment terminating from the side of patient. In the urgent addictology, or acute psychiatry it is possible to meet with situations, when psychotherapeutic techniques have only limited effectiveness. It is possible to use for example de-escalate approach with anxious patient that is intoxicated by cannabinoids or halucinogens, but it has no efficacy in the case of life-threatening acute intoxication by anticholinergics, opioids or tranquillisers. Similarly, in the case of acute withdrawal syndrome after long abuse of drugs with strong physical dependence, such as alcohol or benzodiazepines may physician almost exclusively rely on...
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